IMMUNOBIOCHEMICAL AND HAEMATOLOGICAL INDEXES OF RATS BLOOD AFTER THE REMOVAL OF SPLEEN

Abstract

Background: The spleen is not a vitally important organ, but the removal of spleen
can adversely affect the patient’s health, especially that of children. Abrupt decrement
in antimicrobial resistance after the splenectomy is confirmed experimentally leading
to overwhelming postsplenectomic hyposplenism. Besides there are few researches in
the pathogenesis and mechanisms of development of serious infectious complications
after splenectomy. So in our research we studied some indexes of immunology, general
laboratory and biochemical tests of blood in different terms after splenectomy.
Methods: The immunologic, general laboratory and biochemical studies were done in
3, 7, 15, 30, 45, 60 and 120 days after the splenectomy on 90 white male laboratory
rats.
Findings: Splenectomy causes great changes of immunologic indexes of blood: from 7
day of the experiment there’s a fall of IgG level, some increase of complement activity,
the decrease of neutrophile's phagocytosis activity. In 4 months after the removal of
spleen the level of IgG and IgM is almost half, the number of circulated
immunocomplexes is raised three fold and the neutrophile's phagocytosis activity
remains low. Besides there is a heavy haemolytic anaemia in 7 days after the
splenectomy, the leukaemoid reaction of myelocyte type, the thrombohemorragic
syndrome and as a result of it - the acute renal insufficiency symptoms of which
disappear by 120 days after the operation.
Conclusion: The removal of spleen causes the development of accidental involution of
thymus and because of it causes the development of secondary immunodeficiency,
thrombohaemorrhagic syndrome and severe anaemia. It needs to have more considered
approach to the splenectomy and if it can’t be avoided - to initiate immunocorrection
therapy at the earliest.

Key Words: Splenectomy, immunodeficiency, leukaemoid reaction, renal insufficiency