Prevalence of Thyroid Dysfunction among Patients with Type II diabetes Mellitus in Tertiary Care Center: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

Authors

  • Lokraj Kandel Department of General Practice, Maharajgunj Medical Campus, Institute of Medicine, Maharajgunj , Kathmandu , Nepal
  • Yagya Laxmi Shakya Department of General Practice, Maharajgunj Medical Campus, Institute of Medicine, Maharajgunj , Kathmandu, Nepal
  • Sanjay Gupta Department of General Practice, Maharajgunj Medical Campus, Institute of Medicine, Maharajgunj , Kathmandu, Nepal
  • Newton Ashish Shah Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Maharajgunj, Kathmandu, Nepal
  • Manish Yadav Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Maharajgunj, Kathmandu, Nepal

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31729/jnma.8787

Keywords:

diabetes mellitus, glycemic control, type 2, thyroid diseases

Abstract

 Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) and thyroid dysfunction (TD) are two of the most prevalent endocrine disorders globally. Both conditions have significant effects on metabolism and are known to influence each other. Thyroid hormones play a crucial role in glucose homeostasis by affecting insulin secretion, sensitivity, and glucose metabolism.Conversely, altered glucose metabolism in diabetes can impact thyroid function, leading to a higher prevalence of thyroid disorders in diabetic patients. Understanding this relationship is important for improving the clinical management of patients with Type II DM. However, there is limited data on the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in diabetic populations within specific regions.
Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted from February to September 2023 among 209 patients diagnosed with Type II DM at a tertiary care center after obtaining ethical approval from Institutional Review Committee(Reference No: 367 (6-11) E2). Thyroid function was
assessed using thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free T3 (FT3), and free T4 (FT4) levels. Thyroid dysfunction was classified into hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism based on standard clinical and laboratory criteria. Data management involved entry into Microsoft Excel, verification for accuracy, and subsequent analysis using SPSS version 29.
Results: The study included 209 patients with 128 (61.24%) females and a mean age of 65.87±13.7 years. The prevalence of thyroid disorders was 77 (36.84%) 53(25.36%) hypothyroidism,24 (11.48%) hyperthyroidism among patient with type II diabetes mellitus.
Conclusions: Our study shows a high prevalence of thyroid disorders, especially subclinical hypothyroidism, in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Poorly controlled blood glucose (HbA1c ≥ 7.5) significantly increases the risk, underscoring the need for routine thyroid screening in T2DM
management.

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Published

2024-09-30

How to Cite

Kandel, L. ., Shakya, Y. L. ., Gupta, S. ., Shah, N. A. ., & Yadav, M. . (2024). Prevalence of Thyroid Dysfunction among Patients with Type II diabetes Mellitus in Tertiary Care Center: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study. Journal of Nepal Medical Association, 62(278), 691–696. https://doi.org/10.31729/jnma.8787

Issue

Vol. 62 No. 278 (2024): JNMA: Published Monthly

Section

Original Article

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Copyright (c) 2024 Lokraj Kandel, Yagya Laxmi Shakya, Sanjay Gupta, Newton Ashish Shah, Manish Yadav

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